# %W%

# Europe, updated from 4.3BSD and various contributors
# International country codes are used to identify countries' rules and
# zones
#
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, go
# ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# vax2.nlm.nih.gov!elsie!tz for general use in the future).
#
# The use of 1986 as starting years below is conservative.
#
# One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
# the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986.
# The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else.
#
# According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but
# uses the WE DST rules.  The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules.
# Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at
# 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST).  It also claims that Turkey
# switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time
# and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST)
###############################################################################
# The starting and ending dates below (from which the rules are derived)
# are from Whitaker's Almanack for 1987, page 146.
# 1960 is the earliest year for which dates are given;
# the almanac notes that British Summer Time (and, in some years, Double Summer
# Time) was observed in earlier years but does not give start and end dates.
#
# A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's
# known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom.
#	1960	April 10	October 2 (yes, 2, according to the almanac)
#	1961	March 26	October 29
#	1962	March 25	October 28
#	1963	March 31	October 27
#	1964	March 22	October 25
#	1965	March 21	October 24
#	1966	March 20	October 23
#	1967	March 19	October 29
#	1968	February 18	October 27
# "British Standard Time, also one hour ahead of G. M. T., was kept between
# 1968 Oct. 27-1971 Oct. 31."
#	1972	March 19	October 29
#	1973	March 18	October 28
#	1974	March 17	October 27
#	1975	March 16	October 26
#	1976	March 21	October 24
#	1977	March 20	October 23
#	1978	March 19	October 29
#	1979	March 18	October 28
#	1980	March 16	October 26
#	1981	March 29	October 25
#	1982	March 28	October 24
#	1983	March 27	October 23
#	1984	March 25	October 28
#	1985	March 31	October 27
#	1986	March 30	October 26
#	1987	March 29	October 25
# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
# Historic starting rules
Rule	GB-Eire	1960	only	-	Apr	10	1:00s	1:00	BST
Rule	GB-Eire	1961	1963	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	BST
Rule	GB-Eire	1964	1967	-	Mar	Sun>=19	1:00s	1:00	BST
Rule	GB-Eire	1968	only	-	Feb	18	1:00s	1:00	BST
Rule	GB-Eire	1972	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	1:00s	1:00	BST
# Historic ending rules
Rule	GB-Eire	1960	only	-	Oct	2	1:00s	0	GMT
Rule	GB-Eire	1961	1967	-	Oct	Sun>=23	1:00s	0	GMT
Rule	GB-Eire	1971	only	-	Oct	31	1:00s	0	GMT
# Current rules
Rule	GB-Eire	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	BST
Rule	GB-Eire	1972	max	-	Oct	Sun>=23	1:00s	0	GMT

Rule	W-Eur	1986	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	" DST"
Rule	W-Eur	1986	max	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-

Rule	M-Eur	1986	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	" DST"
Rule	M-Eur	1986	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	-

Rule	E-Eur	1986	max	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00s	1:00	" DST"
Rule	E-Eur	1986	max	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00s	0	-

Rule	Turkey	1986	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00	1:00	" DST"
Rule	Turkey	1986	max	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00	0	-

Rule	W-SU	1986	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	" DST"
Rule	W-SU	1986	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	-

# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
Zone	GB-Eire		0:00	GB-Eire		%s
Zone	WET		0:00	W-Eur		WET%s
Zone	Iceland		0:00	-		WET
Zone	MET		1:00	M-Eur		MET%s
Zone	Poland		1:00	W-Eur		MET%s
Zone	EET		2:00	E-Eur		EET%s
Zone	Turkey		3:00	Turkey		EET%s
Zone	W-SU		3:00	M-Eur		????

# Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time

Link	MET	CET

###############################################################################

# ...
# Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100
# From: seismo!mcvax!cgcha!wtho (Tom Hofmann)
# Message-Id: <8701281556.AA22174@cgcha.uucp>
# ...
# 
# ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when
# most European counrties started DST.  Before that year, only
# a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according
# to own national rules.  In 1981, however, DST started on
# 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following
# years...
# But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions 
# than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST 
# one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep 
# lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now.
# 
# Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the
# Soviet Union (as far as I know).  
# 
# Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG,
# 4002 Basle, Switzerland
# UUCP: ...!mcvax!cernvax!cgcha!wtho

###############################################################################

# ...
# Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100
# From: seismo!mcvax!cwi.nl!dik (Dik T. Winter)
# ...
# 
# The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct.
# After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information
# about DST in Europe.  I was able to find all from about 1969.
# 
# ...standardization
# on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on first Sunday in
# April and last Sunday in September.  In UK it was from last but 1 Sunday
# in march to last Sunday in October.  In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that
# the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March.  And from 1982
# the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in
# the Sovjet Union.  In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europen switch
# dates.  Note that currently in the UK the switch back date appears not
# to be the last Sunday in October, but 4 weeks after the last Sunday in
# September (withness 1982 and 1983 with terminating days October 24 and 23).
# 
# It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g.
# Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST, and the UK
# used MET throughout from 1967 to 1969, and WET with DST before and after
# that time.  Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not
# all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations
# occurred, though not since 1982 I believe.  Another note: it is always
# assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the
# case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours
# in advance of normal time.
# 
# ...
# dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland
# INTERNET   : dik@cwi.nl
# BITNET/EARN: dik@mcvax

###############################################################################

# ...
# Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed)
# From: Jonathan Leffler <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!sphinx.co.uk!john>
# ...
# [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament.
# If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in
# politics making a fortune, not computing.
#
# Summer time ends on Sunday 29 October 1989.
# 
# Jonathan Leffler (john@sphinx.co.uk)

###############################################################################

# ...
# Date: 5 Jan 89 09:50:38 GMT (Thu)
# From: Peter Kendell <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!tcom.stc.co.uk!pete>
# ...
# 
# From my Collins Diary for 1989 - 
# 
# "At the time of going to press the Home Office was unable to confirm
# the 1989 starting and finishing dates for BST*, but expressed the 
# view that 26 March and 29 October were the likeliest dates to be
# adopted"
# 
# *British Summer Time.
# 
# Now you know what the general rule is!!!
# 
# Cheers,
# 	Peter

###############################################################################

# From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 5, 1989)
#
# . . .our government is seriously considering applying Double Summer Time -
# putting the clocks forwards and back TWO hours for daylight saving time.
# This is advocated to standardise time in the EEC - we're all supposed to
# keep the same time and to change the clocks on the same dates in the future.

###############################################################################

# From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 4, 1989)

# It is NOT possible to predict when [British Summer Time] will change
# in a future year.
# 
# (The admiralty calculate when they think it should be (no more that a couple
# of years in advance) and advise the government who then decide whether or 
# not they will take the admiralty's advice)
# 
# I got the dates from the Grenwich (sp?) observatory who were very helpful.
# 
# I was not able to track down the Admiralty formula (I tried hard but failed)

###############################################################################

# From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
# ...
# Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates).
# Since 1978.  Change at midnight.
# ...
# Monaco: has same DST as France.
# ...

###############################################################################

# From U.S. Naval Observatory (February 13, 1988):
# ANDORRA             1 H AHEAD OF UTC
# BULGARIA            2 H AHEAD OF UTC WINTER 
# BULGARIA            3 H AHEAD OF UTC SUMMER MAR31 - SEP 85, 0100 LOCAL
# CYPRUS              2 H AHEAD UTC IN WINTER 
# CYPRUS              3 H AHEAD UTC MAR 25 - SEP 30 
# DENMARK             1 H AHEAD UTC IN WINTER 
# DENMARK             2 H AHEAD UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30  , 0200 LOCAL 
# DENMK. FAEROE IS    1 H AHEAD UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30  , 0200 LOCAL 
# ENGLAND             ON UTC IN WINTER; WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I., CH.IS. 
# ENGLAND             1 H AHEAD OF UTC; SUMMER TIL 28 OCT 0200 LOCAL
# FINLAND             2 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# FINLAND             3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 25 - SEP 30  
# FRANCE              1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# FRANCE              2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30 , 0100 LOCAL 
# GREECE              2 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# GREECE              3 H AHEAD OF UTC IN SUMMER EFF. 31MAR85 02/03 LOCAL 
# GREECE              3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 25 - SEP 30
# GREENLAND           4 H BEHIND UTC  IN THULE AIRBASE YEAR ROUND 
# GREENLAND           3 H BEHIND UTC  IN WINTER AT SONDRESTROM
# GREENLAND           2 H BEHIND UTC  30 MAR - 30 SEP 2200 LOCAL AT -"- 
# GREENLAND           2 H BEHIND UTC  AROUND SCORESBY SUND
# ICELAND             ON UTC
# IRELAND             ON UTC IN WINTER
# IRELAND             1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - OCT 23  0200 LOCAL
# ITALY               1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# ITALY               2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30, 0030 LOCAL
# MONACO              1 H AHEAD UTC IN WINTER 
# MONACO              2 H AHEAD UTC MAR 25 - SEP30
# POLAND              1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# POLAND              2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 24 - SEP     0200 LOCAL
# PORTUGAL            ON UTC IN WINTER
# PORTUGAL            1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN SUMMER MAR 31 - SEP 29   0100 LOCAL 
# PORTUGAL AZORES     1 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER
# PORTUGAL AZORES     ON UTC IN SUMMER MAR 31 - SEP 29
# PORTUGAL MADEIRA    ON UTC ALL YEAR;
# ROMANIA             2 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# ROMANIA             3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 3 - SEP 24 
# SCOTLAND            SEE ENGLAND 
# SWITZERLAND         1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
# SWITZERLAND         2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30  0200 LOCAL
# TURKEY              3 H AHEAD OF UTC
# USSR WEST EUROP     3 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; LENINGRAD, MOSCOW 
# USSR WEST EUROP     4 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR CENTRAL EUR    4 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; ROSTOV, BAKU
# USSR CENTRAL EUR    5 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR EAST EUROP     5 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; SVERDLOVSK
# USSR EAST EUROP     6 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR WEST SIBERIAN  6 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; TASHKENT, ALMA ATA
# USSR WEST SIBERIAN  7 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   7 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; NOVOSIBIRSK 
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   8 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   8 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; IRKUTSK 
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR CENTRAL SIB    9 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; YAKUTSK 
# USSR CENTRAL SIB   10 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR CENTRAL SIB   10 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; VLADIVOSTOK 
# USSR CENTRAL SIB   11 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  11 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; MAGADAN 
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  12 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  12 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; PETROPAVLOVSK 
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  13 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  13 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; UELEN 
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  14 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 
# WALES               SEE ENGLAND 

###############################################################################

# From U.S. Naval Observatory (January 16, 1989):

# ANDORRA             1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# ANDORRA             2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# ANDORRA                                (ESTIMATED)
# ANGOLA              1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# BULGARIA            2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# BULGARIA            3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# CYPRUS              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# CYPRUS              3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# DENMARK             1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# DENMARK             2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# DENMK. FAEROE IS    1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# ENGLAND             ON UTC             (WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I.,
# ENGLAND                                CH. IS.)
# ENGLAND             1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - OCT 22
# FINLAND             2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# FINLAND             3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# FRANCE              1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# FRANCE              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# FRENCH GUIANA       3 H  BEHIND UTC
# GREECE              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# GREECE              3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# GREENLAND           4 H  BEHIND UTC    THULE AIRBASE YEAR ROUND
# GREENLAND           3 H  BEHIND UTC    ANGMAGSSALIK AND W. COAST
# GREENLAND           2 H  BEHIND UTC    MAR 27 - SEP 24
# GREENLAND           1 H  BEHIND UTC    SCORESBYSUND
# GREENLAND           ON UTC             MAR 27 - SEP 24
# ICELAND             ON UTC
# IRELAND             ON UTC
# IRELAND             1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - OCT 22
# ITALY               1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# ITALY               2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# MONACO              1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# MONACO              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# POLAND              1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# POLAND              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# PORTUGAL MAINLAND   ON UTC
# PORTUGAL MAINLAND   1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# PORTUGAL AZORES     1 H  BEHIND UTC
# PORTUGAL AZORES     ON UTC             MAR 27 - SEP 24
# PORTUGAL MADEIRA    ON UTC
# PORTUGAL MADEIRA    1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# ROMANIA             2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# ROMANIA             3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# SCOTLAND            SEE ENGLAND
# SWEDEN              1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# SWEDEN              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# SWITZERLAND         1 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# SWITZERLAND         2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# TURKEY              2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
# TURKEY              3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAR 27 - SEP 24
# USSR WEST EUROP     3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  LENINGRAD, MOSCOW
# USSR WEST EUROP     4 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR CENTRAL EUR    4 H  AHEAD OF UTC  ROSTOV, BAKU
# USSR CENTRAL EUR    5 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR EAST EUROP     5 H  AHEAD OF UTC  SVERDLOVSK
# USSR EAST EUROP     6 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR WEST SIBERIAN  6 H  AHEAD OF UTC  TASHKENT, ALMA ATA
# USSR WEST SIBERIAN  7 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   7 H  AHEAD OF UTC  NOVOSIBIRSK
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   8 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   8 H  AHEAD OF UTC  IRKUTSK
# USSR WEST-CENTRAL   9 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR CENTRAL SIB    9 H  AHEAD OF UTC  YAKUTSK
# USSR CENTRAL SIB   10 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR CENTRAL SIB   10 H  AHEAD OF UTC  VLADIVOSTOK
# USSR CENTRAL SIB   11 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  11 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAGADAN
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  12 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  12 H  AHEAD OF UTC  PETROPAVLOVSK
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  13 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  13 H  AHEAD OF UTC  UELEN
# USSR EAST SIBERIA  14 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30
# WALES               SEE ENGLAND
